Practice · Unit 7

Gravitation and periodic motion exercises

An original bank for open practice. It is not an assessment engine and does not retain answers or personal activity.

Unit 7Explore topicsOpen navigation

Open practice

Try a few exercises and continue if you like

The page offers a short, varied set. There is no overall goal to complete.

Local selection without tracking

Universal gravitation

Exercise to explore

Force between two masses

Type
Numerical
Difficulty
1/5
Time
5 min

Masses of 1000 kg and 1500 kg are 2.0 m apart center to center. Use G=6.674×10^-11 N·m²/kg². Calculate |F|.

Request a hint
  • State the reference, direction, and model conditions before substituting.
Review the solution
  1. Principle

    Select the governing relationship and state its validity conditions.

  2. Calculation

    Substitute the supplied data while preserving signs and units.

  3. Interpretation

    Check the result against the model conditions and a limiting case.

Universal gravitation

Exercise to explore

Distance ratio

Type
Conceptual
Difficulty
1/5
Time
5 min

If only separation changes and r doubles, gravitational force becomes:

Request a hint
  • State the reference, direction, and model conditions before substituting.
Review the solution
  1. Principle

    Select the governing relationship and state its validity conditions.

  2. Calculation

    Substitute the supplied data while preserving signs and units.

Universal gravitation

Exercise to explore

Superposition on a line

Type
Numerical
Difficulty
3/5
Time
5 min

A test mass m=2.0 kg is at x=0. M₁=5.0×10^10 kg is at x=-2.0 m and M₂=2.0×10^10 kg at x=+1.0 m. Use G=6.674×10^-11 and +x to the right. Calculate net F_x.

Request a hint
  • State the reference, direction, and model conditions before substituting.
Review the solution
  1. Principle

    Select the governing relationship and state its validity conditions.

  2. Calculation

    Substitute the supplied data while preserving signs and units.

  3. Interpretation

    Check the result against the model conditions and a limiting case.

Universal gravitation

Exercise to explore

Gravitational third law

Type
Conceptual
Difficulty
2/5
Time
5 min

A planet attracts a moon. How do the magnitudes of their mutual gravitational forces compare?

Request a hint
  • State the reference, direction, and model conditions before substituting.
Review the solution
  1. Principle

    Select the governing relationship and state its validity conditions.

  2. Calculation

    Substitute the supplied data while preserving signs and units.

Field and weight

Exercise to explore

Field at two radii

Type
Numerical
Difficulty
1/5
Time
5 min

At a planet's surface g₀=9.8 m/s². Calculate g at r=2R.

Request a hint
  • State the reference, direction, and model conditions before substituting.
Review the solution
  1. Principle

    Select the governing relationship and state its validity conditions.

  2. Calculation

    Substitute the supplied data while preserving signs and units.

  3. Interpretation

    Check the result against the model conditions and a limiting case.

Field and weight

Exercise to explore

Weight at 1.5 radii

Type
Numerical
Difficulty
2/5
Time
5 min

A 70 kg person is at r=1.5R_E. Use g₀=9.8 m/s². Calculate gravitational weight.

Request a hint
  • State the reference, direction, and model conditions before substituting.
Review the solution
  1. Principle

    Select the governing relationship and state its validity conditions.

  2. Calculation

    Substitute the supplied data while preserving signs and units.

  3. Interpretation

    Check the result against the model conditions and a limiting case.

Field and weight

Exercise to explore

Mass and weight

Type
Conceptual
Difficulty
1/5
Time
5 min

A person travels from Earth to a body with lower g. What happens ideally?

Request a hint
  • State the reference, direction, and model conditions before substituting.
Review the solution
  1. Principle

    Select the governing relationship and state its validity conditions.

  2. Calculation

    Substitute the supplied data while preserving signs and units.

Field and weight

Exercise to explore

Field at the midpoint

Type
Conceptual
Difficulty
2/5
Time
5 min

Two identical fixed masses have a test mass exactly midway between them. Ignoring other masses, the net gravitational field there is:

Request a hint
  • State the reference, direction, and model conditions before substituting.
Review the solution
  1. Principle

    Select the governing relationship and state its validity conditions.

  2. Calculation

    Substitute the supplied data while preserving signs and units.

Gravitational energy

Exercise to explore

Earth gravitational potential energy

Type
Numerical
Difficulty
2/5
Time
5 min

A 1000 kg mass is at r=7.00×10^6 m from Earth's center. Use μ_E=3.986×10^14 m³/s² and U(∞)=0. Calculate U.

Request a hint
  • State the reference, direction, and model conditions before substituting.
Review the solution
  1. Principle

    Select the governing relationship and state its validity conditions.

  2. Calculation

    Substitute the supplied data while preserving signs and units.

  3. Interpretation

    Check the result against the model conditions and a limiting case.

Gravitational energy

Exercise to explore

Radial potential-energy change

Type
Numerical
Difficulty
2/5
Time
5 min

A 1000 kg mass moves from R_E to 2R_E. Use μ_E=3.986×10^14 m³/s² and R_E=6.371×10^6 m. Calculate ΔU.

Request a hint
  • State the reference, direction, and model conditions before substituting.
Review the solution
  1. Principle

    Select the governing relationship and state its validity conditions.

  2. Calculation

    Substitute the supplied data while preserving signs and units.

  3. Interpretation

    Check the result against the model conditions and a limiting case.

Gravitational energy

Exercise to explore

Escape-energy limit

Type
Conceptual
Difficulty
2/5
Time
5 min

With U(∞)=0, an object launched at exactly the ideal escape speed reaches infinity with zero final speed. Its total mechanical energy is:

Request a hint
  • State the reference, direction, and model conditions before substituting.
Review the solution
  1. Principle

    Select the governing relationship and state its validity conditions.

  2. Calculation

    Substitute the supplied data while preserving signs and units.

Gravitational energy

Exercise to explore

Local mgh approximation

Type
Conceptual
Difficulty
2/5
Time
5 min

When is ΔU≈mgΔh reasonable near a planet?

Request a hint
  • State the reference, direction, and model conditions before substituting.
Review the solution
  1. Principle

    Select the governing relationship and state its validity conditions.

  2. Calculation

    Substitute the supplied data while preserving signs and units.

Orbits and satellites

Exercise to explore

Circular-orbit speed

Type
Numerical
Difficulty
2/5
Time
5 min

An Earth satellite is in a circular orbit of radius r=7.00×10^6 m. Use μ_E=3.986×10^14 m³/s². Calculate v_orb.

Request a hint
  • State the reference, direction, and model conditions before substituting.
Review the solution
  1. Principle

    Select the governing relationship and state its validity conditions.

  2. Calculation

    Substitute the supplied data while preserving signs and units.

  3. Interpretation

    Check the result against the model conditions and a limiting case.

Orbits and satellites

Exercise to explore

Circular-orbit period

Type
Numerical
Difficulty
2/5
Time
5 min

For a circular Earth orbit with r=7.00×10^6 m and μ_E=3.986×10^14 m³/s², calculate T.

Request a hint
  • State the reference, direction, and model conditions before substituting.
Review the solution
  1. Principle

    Select the governing relationship and state its validity conditions.

  2. Calculation

    Substitute the supplied data while preserving signs and units.

  3. Interpretation

    Check the result against the model conditions and a limiting case.

Orbits and satellites

Exercise to explore

Specific orbital energy

Type
Numerical
Difficulty
3/5
Time
5 min

For a circular Earth orbit at r=7.00×10^6 m, use μ_E=3.986×10^14 m³/s². Calculate E/m.

Request a hint
  • State the reference, direction, and model conditions before substituting.
Review the solution
  1. Principle

    Select the governing relationship and state its validity conditions.

  2. Calculation

    Substitute the supplied data while preserving signs and units.

  3. Interpretation

    Check the result against the model conditions and a limiting case.

Orbits and satellites

Exercise to explore

Escape speed

Type
Numerical
Difficulty
2/5
Time
5 min

At r=7.00×10^6 m around Earth, use μ_E=3.986×10^14 m³/s². Calculate v_esc.

Request a hint
  • State the reference, direction, and model conditions before substituting.
Review the solution
  1. Principle

    Select the governing relationship and state its validity conditions.

  2. Calculation

    Substitute the supplied data while preserving signs and units.

  3. Interpretation

    Check the result against the model conditions and a limiting case.

Kepler and limits

Exercise to explore

Kepler scaling

Type
Numerical
Difficulty
1/5
Time
5 min

Two bodies orbit the same central mass. If a₂=4a₁, calculate T₂/T₁.

Request a hint
  • State the reference, direction, and model conditions before substituting.
Review the solution
  1. Principle

    Select the governing relationship and state its validity conditions.

  2. Calculation

    Substitute the supplied data while preserving signs and units.

  3. Interpretation

    Check the result against the model conditions and a limiting case.

Kepler and limits

Exercise to explore

Speed in an elliptical orbit

Type
Conceptual
Difficulty
2/5
Time
5 min

A planet in an elliptical orbit moves:

Request a hint
  • State the reference, direction, and model conditions before substituting.
Review the solution
  1. Principle

    Select the governing relationship and state its validity conditions.

  2. Calculation

    Substitute the supplied data while preserving signs and units.

Kepler and limits

Exercise to explore

Period from Kepler's third law

Type
Numerical
Difficulty
3/5
Time
5 min

A satellite has semimajor axis a=4.00×10^8 m around Earth. Use μ_E=3.986×10^14 m³/s². Calculate T.

Request a hint
  • State the reference, direction, and model conditions before substituting.
Review the solution
  1. Principle

    Select the governing relationship and state its validity conditions.

  2. Calculation

    Substitute the supplied data while preserving signs and units.

  3. Interpretation

    Check the result against the model conditions and a limiting case.

Kepler and limits

Exercise to explore

Sun's Schwarzschild radius

Type
Numerical
Difficulty
3/5
Time
5 min

As relativistic context, calculate r_s=2GM/c2 r_s=2GM/c^2 for G=6.674×10^-11, M=1.989×10^30 kg, and c=3.00×10^8 m/s.

Request a hint
  • State the reference, direction, and model conditions before substituting.
Review the solution
  1. Principle

    Select the governing relationship and state its validity conditions.

  2. Calculation

    Substitute the supplied data while preserving signs and units.

  3. Interpretation

    Check the result against the model conditions and a limiting case.

Oscillations

Exercise to explore

Period from frequency

Type
Numerical
Difficulty
1/5
Time
5 min

An oscillation has f=2.50 Hz. Calculate T.

Request a hint
  • State the reference, direction, and model conditions before substituting.
Review the solution
  1. Principle

    Select the governing relationship and state its validity conditions.

  2. Calculation

    Substitute the supplied data while preserving signs and units.

  3. Interpretation

    Check the result against the model conditions and a limiting case.

Oscillations

Exercise to explore

Angular frequency

Type
Numerical
Difficulty
1/5
Time
5 min

An oscillation has T=0.800 s. Calculate ω.

Request a hint
  • State the reference, direction, and model conditions before substituting.
Review the solution
  1. Principle

    Select the governing relationship and state its validity conditions.

  2. Calculation

    Substitute the supplied data while preserving signs and units.

  3. Interpretation

    Check the result against the model conditions and a limiting case.

Oscillations

Exercise to explore

Amplitude from extrema

Type
Numerical
Difficulty
1/5
Time
5 min

A particle oscillates from x=-0.12 m to x=+0.12 m about x=0. Calculate A.

Request a hint
  • State the reference, direction, and model conditions before substituting.
Review the solution
  1. Principle

    Select the governing relationship and state its validity conditions.

  2. Calculation

    Substitute the supplied data while preserving signs and units.

  3. Interpretation

    Check the result against the model conditions and a limiting case.

Oscillations

Exercise to explore

Periodic does not imply SHM

Type
Conceptual
Difficulty
2/5
Time
5 min

Which statement is correct?

Request a hint
  • State the reference, direction, and model conditions before substituting.
Review the solution
  1. Principle

    Select the governing relationship and state its validity conditions.

  2. Calculation

    Substitute the supplied data while preserving signs and units.

Simple harmonic motion

Exercise to explore

Natural spring frequency

Type
Numerical
Difficulty
1/5
Time
5 min

m=2.0 kg and k=200 N/m. Calculate ω₀.

Request a hint
  • State the reference, direction, and model conditions before substituting.
Review the solution
  1. Principle

    Select the governing relationship and state its validity conditions.

  2. Calculation

    Substitute the supplied data while preserving signs and units.

  3. Interpretation

    Check the result against the model conditions and a limiting case.

Simple harmonic motion

Exercise to explore

Position at a quarter cycle

Type
Numerical
Difficulty
2/5
Time
5 min

x(t)=0.10 cos(10t) m. Calculate x at t=π/20 s.

Request a hint
  • State the reference, direction, and model conditions before substituting.
Review the solution
  1. Principle

    Select the governing relationship and state its validity conditions.

  2. Calculation

    Substitute the supplied data while preserving signs and units.

  3. Interpretation

    Check the result against the model conditions and a limiting case.

Simple harmonic motion

Exercise to explore

Maximum SHM speed

Type
Numerical
Difficulty
2/5
Time
5 min

An SHM has A=0.10 m and ω₀=10 rad/s. Calculate v_max.

Request a hint
  • State the reference, direction, and model conditions before substituting.
Review the solution
  1. Principle

    Select the governing relationship and state its validity conditions.

  2. Calculation

    Substitute the supplied data while preserving signs and units.

  3. Interpretation

    Check the result against the model conditions and a limiting case.

Simple harmonic motion

Exercise to explore

Acceleration at a position

Type
Numerical
Difficulty
2/5
Time
5 min

An SHM has ω₀=10 rad/s. At one instant x=+0.050 m. Calculate a.

Request a hint
  • State the reference, direction, and model conditions before substituting.
Review the solution
  1. Principle

    Select the governing relationship and state its validity conditions.

  2. Calculation

    Substitute the supplied data while preserving signs and units.

  3. Interpretation

    Check the result against the model conditions and a limiting case.

Oscillator energy

Exercise to explore

Total oscillator energy

Type
Numerical
Difficulty
1/5
Time
5 min

k=100 N/m and A=0.20 m. Calculate total mechanical energy.

Request a hint
  • State the reference, direction, and model conditions before substituting.
Review the solution
  1. Principle

    Select the governing relationship and state its validity conditions.

  2. Calculation

    Substitute the supplied data while preserving signs and units.

  3. Interpretation

    Check the result against the model conditions and a limiting case.

Oscillator energy

Exercise to explore

Elastic potential energy

Type
Numerical
Difficulty
1/5
Time
5 min

k=100 N/m and x=0.10 m. Calculate U with U=0 at equilibrium.

Request a hint
  • State the reference, direction, and model conditions before substituting.
Review the solution
  1. Principle

    Select the governing relationship and state its validity conditions.

  2. Calculation

    Substitute the supplied data while preserving signs and units.

  3. Interpretation

    Check the result against the model conditions and a limiting case.

Oscillator energy

Exercise to explore

Speed from energy

Type
Numerical
Difficulty
2/5
Time
5 min

m=1.0 kg, k=100 N/m, A=0.20 m, and x=0.10 m. Calculate |v|.

Request a hint
  • State the reference, direction, and model conditions before substituting.
Review the solution
  1. Principle

    Select the governing relationship and state its validity conditions.

  2. Calculation

    Substitute the supplied data while preserving signs and units.

  3. Interpretation

    Check the result against the model conditions and a limiting case.

Oscillator energy

Exercise to explore

Speed and position

Type
Conceptual
Difficulty
1/5
Time
5 min

Where is speed greatest in an ideal mass–spring SHM?

Request a hint
  • State the reference, direction, and model conditions before substituting.
Review the solution
  1. Principle

    Select the governing relationship and state its validity conditions.

  2. Calculation

    Substitute the supplied data while preserving signs and units.

Pendulums

Exercise to explore

Simple-pendulum period

Type
Numerical
Difficulty
1/5
Time
5 min

A simple pendulum with L=1.00 m oscillates through a small angle. Use g=9.8 m/s². Calculate T.

Request a hint
  • State the reference, direction, and model conditions before substituting.
Review the solution
  1. Principle

    Select the governing relationship and state its validity conditions.

  2. Calculation

    Substitute the supplied data while preserving signs and units.

  3. Interpretation

    Check the result against the model conditions and a limiting case.

Pendulums

Exercise to explore

Pendulum length

Type
Numerical
Difficulty
2/5
Time
5 min

What length gives a small-angle simple pendulum T=2.00 s? Use g=9.8 m/s².

Request a hint
  • State the reference, direction, and model conditions before substituting.
Review the solution
  1. Principle

    Select the governing relationship and state its validity conditions.

  2. Calculation

    Substitute the supplied data while preserving signs and units.

  3. Interpretation

    Check the result against the model conditions and a limiting case.

Pendulums

Exercise to explore

Rod as a physical pendulum

Type
Numerical
Difficulty
3/5
Time
5 min

A uniform rod of L=1.00 m oscillates about one end with small amplitude. Use I_p=(1/3)ML², d=L/2, and g=9.8 m/s². Calculate T.

Request a hint
  • State the reference, direction, and model conditions before substituting.
Review the solution
  1. Principle

    Select the governing relationship and state its validity conditions.

  2. Calculation

    Substitute the supplied data while preserving signs and units.

  3. Interpretation

    Check the result against the model conditions and a limiting case.

Pendulums

Exercise to explore

Amplitude limit

Type
Conceptual
Difficulty
2/5
Time
5 min

The statement “a simple pendulum's period does not depend on amplitude” is:

Request a hint
  • State the reference, direction, and model conditions before substituting.
Review the solution
  1. Principle

    Select the governing relationship and state its validity conditions.

  2. Calculation

    Substitute the supplied data while preserving signs and units.

Damping and resonance

Exercise to explore

Damped envelope

Type
Numerical
Difficulty
2/5
Time
5 min

A₀=0.20 m, m=1.0 kg, and b=2.0 kg/s. Calculate A_env=A₀e^{-bt/(2m)} at t=1.0 s.

Request a hint
  • State the reference, direction, and model conditions before substituting.
Review the solution
  1. Principle

    Select the governing relationship and state its validity conditions.

  2. Calculation

    Substitute the supplied data while preserving signs and units.

  3. Interpretation

    Check the result against the model conditions and a limiting case.

Damping and resonance

Exercise to explore

Damped frequency

Type
Numerical
Difficulty
3/5
Time
5 min

m=1.0 kg, k=100 N/m, and b=4.0 kg/s. Calculate ω_d=√[k/m-(b/2m)²].

Request a hint
  • State the reference, direction, and model conditions before substituting.
Review the solution
  1. Principle

    Select the governing relationship and state its validity conditions.

  2. Calculation

    Substitute the supplied data while preserving signs and units.

  3. Interpretation

    Check the result against the model conditions and a limiting case.

Damping and resonance

Exercise to explore

Steady-state amplitude

Type
Numerical
Difficulty
3/5
Time
5 min

m=1.0 kg, k=100 N/m, b=4.0 kg/s, F₀=10 N, and Ω=10 rad/s. Calculate the steady-state amplitude.

Request a hint
  • State the reference, direction, and model conditions before substituting.
Review the solution
  1. Principle

    Select the governing relationship and state its validity conditions.

  2. Calculation

    Substitute the supplied data while preserving signs and units.

  3. Interpretation

    Check the result against the model conditions and a limiting case.

Damping and resonance

Exercise to explore

Damping and resonance

Type
Conceptual
Difficulty
2/5
Time
5 min

As damping increases for a driven linear oscillator, the amplitude peak normally:

Request a hint
  • State the reference, direction, and model conditions before substituting.
Review the solution
  1. Principle

    Select the governing relationship and state its validity conditions.

  2. Calculation

    Substitute the supplied data while preserving signs and units.